#Tag · Kakapo Social

Installed the vAmiga emulator on MacOS today, and I really like it. It's very accessible, and works like a charm.

https://dirkwhoffmann.github.io/vAmiga

The developer has also made a Commodore 64 emulator, which I'm planning to check out tomorrow:

https://dirkwhoffmann.github.io/virtualc64

#GameDev #gaming #games #game #gamer #RetroGaming #RetroComputing #RetroGames #RetroTech #VintageComputing #retro #history #8bit #16bit #Commodore64 #C64 #commodore #amiga #IT #1980s #tech #technology #vintage #nostalgia #digital

VirtualC64 – Commodore 64 Emulator for macOS

VirtualC64 is a Commodore 64 emulator for macOS with a strong focus on compatibility and usability.

vAmiga – Commodore Amiga Emulator for macOS

vAmiga is a Commodore Amiga emulator for macOS with a strong focus on compatibility and usability.

Metin Seven 🎨

@metin@graphics.social · 4 days ago

Installed the vAmiga emulator on MacOS today, and I really like it. It's very accessible, and works like a charm.

https://dirkwhoffmann.github.io/vAmiga

The developer has also made a Commodore 64 emulator, which I'm planning to check out tomorrow:

https://dirkwhoffmann.github.io/virtualc64

VirtualC64 – Commodore 64 Emulator for macOS

VirtualC64 is a Commodore 64 emulator for macOS with a strong focus on compatibility and usability.

vAmiga – Commodore Amiga Emulator for macOS

vAmiga is a Commodore Amiga emulator for macOS with a strong focus on compatibility and usability.

Ghulsama I nerdjunk.de boosted

DocOwer

@docower@ohai.social · 4 days ago

I created a little, simple rpg turn-based combat engine: "Fight!!". Kinda inspired by old, simpler turn-based engines.

If you're interested: https://www.rpg-o-mania.com/rpg/index.php

#jrpg #retrogaming

screenshot from "Fight!!" - basically just a ghost and a boy standing off.

RPG - Adventure Start

DocOwer

@docower@ohai.social · 4 days ago

I created a little, simple rpg turn-based combat engine: "Fight!!". Kinda inspired by old, simpler turn-based engines.

If you're interested: https://www.rpg-o-mania.com/rpg/index.php

#jrpg #retrogaming

RPG - Adventure Start

chaos.social boosted

root42

@root42@chaos.social · 5 days ago

The Legend of Kyrandia parts 1 through 3. which one is your favorite? I think I liked 2 the best, closely followed by 3. Part 1 had some lovely ideas, but the inventory management, the cave labyrinth and the end part were highly annoying.
#retrogaming #westwood #kyrandia

root42

@root42@chaos.social · 5 days ago

Oliver Klee and 2 others boosted

niconiconi

@niconiconi@mk.absturztau.be · last week

Fun fact: The full 6502 machine code of the NES game F1 Race was reverse engineered in China in 1994 by an independent developer 于春, who later wrote a 400-page NES programming textbook about it, making him a little-known NES ROM hacking and homebrewing pioneer worldwide, possibly one of the few NES experts in the world who didn't sign an NDA. Why? To make 8 millions of ~~Nintendo game console clones pretending to be~~ educational home computers in the country actually be educational as advertised. This was also the only surreal opportunity in the world for someone to become a national hero politically, for the service of REing Nintendo games. #retrocomputing #retrogaming #NES #NESdev #小霸王学习机

3 media

图 3-5 《大赛车》游戏的主画面

比赛画面绘制完成后，赛车的发动机已经启动，处于怠速状态，这时若按下加速键 A 加油，发动机的转速将提高，发动机的“突突”声节奏加快、音调升高。当按一下 A 键又松开时，发动机的声响将发出轰油门的声音，效果极为逼真。

当发令声未响完发动机已经处于高速运转状态时，发令声过后，赛车将发出“吱吱”的刹车声，同时赛车的两个后轮将显示出赛车轮胎挫起的路面尘土，相应地发动机转速降低，赛车速度则逐渐提高，只有赛车到达一定的速度“吱吱”声才会消失，赛车进入正常行驶状态。这模拟了赛车发动机高速运转时起步的过程。

当赛车在行驶中走到路边时，也将发出“吱吱”的刹车声，同时车速减慢，只有驶离路边或赛车已经停止，“吱吱”声才会消失。

在比赛中若赛车超过干扰车或被干扰车超过时，将发出超车声，超车声随两车距离由远到近而由弱渐强。这一超车声是干扰车的发动机声音，当两车并行时声音最强，随后以 [...]

（71 页） — 图 3-5 《大赛车》游戏的主画面比赛画面绘制完成后，赛车的发动机已经启动，处于怠速状态，这时若按下加速键 A 加油，发动机的转速将提高，发动机的“突突”声节奏加快、音调升高。当按一下 A 键又松开时，发动机的声响将发出轰油门的声音，效果极为逼真。当发令声未响完发动机已经处于高速运转状态时，发令声过后，赛车将发出“吱吱”的刹车声，同时赛车的两个后轮将显示出赛车轮胎挫起的路面尘土，相应地发动机转速降低，赛车速度则逐渐提高，只有赛车到达一定的速度“吱吱”声才会消失，赛车进入正常行驶状态。这模拟了赛车发动机高速运转时起步的过程。当赛车在行驶中走到路边时，也将发出“吱吱”的刹车声，同时车速减慢，只有驶离路边或赛车已经停止，“吱吱”声才会消失。在比赛中若赛车超过干扰车或被干扰车超过时，将发出超车声，超车声随两车距离由远到近而由弱渐强。这一超车声是干扰车的发动机声音，当两车并行时声音最强，随后以 [...] （71 页）

图 3-1 《大赛车》游戏功能模块图

A 大赛车（F-1 RACE）

B0：复位处理 C000，绘制标题画面，选择比赛难度，E60A~E823，演奏标题音乐，等待开始 -> 延时结束时让未按 START 键则进行游戏演示

B1：C066 中断处理，读操纵器各按键值

B2：C91B 读中断周期，读操纵器的 START、SELECT 键 -> C

B3：发声处理 F46E~FC2D

B2 -> C：C0D5~C207 按 START 键后，比赛开始。（游戏主控处理模块）

D1：E9BA 绘制比赛路线提示，演奏开始音乐；清屏，绘制比赛画面，显示发令标志，发令声响。-> E1：CFD2~D0D3：绘制比赛路线，开始演奏音乐。

D2：C19B 读中断，读 START 键 -> E2 C964~CA37 若按 START，进行游戏暂停处理，再按 START 恢复比赛

D3 CA38~CB92 显示时间、积分，马路中心线，赛车速度、高低速档位，发动机转速。

D4 C906~C91A 开显示。比赛画面上段的提示栏定位。

D5 D11B~D8D1 计时、计分、调速、刹车，定义卡通
-> E3 发动机高速运转时起步，发刹车声，令车速逐渐提高。
-> E4 赛车走到路边时，发刹车声令车速降低

D6 CC75-CE38 判断比赛进程，查询撞车，查询比赛成功画面的卷动与扭曲
-> E5 C208~C41C 控制远山卷动，调整车速，调整路面变量
-> E6 E1DE~E448 撞车的查询处理
-> E7 FDC8~FE4D 调整比赛路线提示上的白点的座标，控制白点闪烁

D7 FF14~FFF9 发撞车爆炸声，扭曲路面

D8 F254~F295 显示爆炸

D9 CE39~CF5C 比赛失败处理

D10 CF6C~CFD1, F3B5~F46D 比赛成功处理

在“SKILL LEVEL”“1~3”之间选择游戏难度。若选择“SKILL LEVEL 1”时将从第一关开始比较；若选择“SKILL LEVEL 2”时将从第三关开始比较；若选择“SKILL LEVEL 3”时将……

（68 页） — 图 3-1 《大赛车》游戏功能模块图 A 大赛车（F-1 RACE） B0：复位处理 C000，绘制标题画面，选择比赛难度，E60A~E823，演奏标题音乐，等待开始 -> 延时结束时让未按 START 键则进行游戏演示 B1：C066 中断处理，读操纵器各按键值 B2：C91B 读中断周期，读操纵器的 START、SELECT 键 -> C B3：发声处理 F46E~FC2D B2 -> C：C0D5~C207 按 START 键后，比赛开始。（游戏主控处理模块） D1：E9BA 绘制比赛路线提示，演奏开始音乐；清屏，绘制比赛画面，显示发令标志，发令声响。-> E1：CFD2~D0D3：绘制比赛路线，开始演奏音乐。 D2：C19B 读中断，读 START 键 -> E2 C964~CA37 若按 START，进行游戏暂停处理，再按 START 恢复比赛 D3 CA38~CB92 显示时间、积分，马路中心线，赛车速度、高低速档位，发动机转速。 D4 C906~C91A 开显示。比赛画面上段的提示栏定位。 D5 D11B~D8D1 计时、计分、调速、刹车，定义卡通 -> E3 发动机高速运转时起步，发刹车声，令车速逐渐提高。 -> E4 赛车走到路边时，发刹车声令车速降低 D6 CC75-CE38 判断比赛进程，查询撞车，查询比赛成功画面的卷动与扭曲 -> E5 C208~C41C 控制远山卷动，调整车速，调整路面变量 -> E6 E1DE~E448 撞车的查询处理 -> E7 FDC8~FE4D 调整比赛路线提示上的白点的座标，控制白点闪烁 D7 FF14~FFF9 发撞车爆炸声，扭曲路面 D8 F254~F295 显示爆炸 D9 CE39~CF5C 比赛失败处理 D10 CF6C~CFD1, F3B5~F46D 比赛成功处理在“SKILL LEVEL”“1~3”之间选择游戏难度。若选择“SKILL LEVEL 1”时将从第一关开始比较；若选择“SKILL LEVEL 2”时将从第三关开始比较；若选择“SKILL LEVEL 3”时将…… （68 页）

图 5-17 比赛画面结构示意图

背景 0 页上半部分
背景 0 页下半部分
背景 1 页下半部分

……至此，比赛画面的定位操作完毕。

5.4.6 比赛开始的发令处理

比赛开始的发令处理由程序段 $EA23~$EB57 完成。

1、执行 $EA23~$EA59，置 PPU 首址 $210E、$212E、$214E、$216E，分别置入 H9C、H9D、H9D、H9E 四个数据，显示四个发令长条。执行 $EA5A~$EA74，令 ($214C) = H2D 以消去第三个发令长条左端的白云。令 ($23D3) = HFF、($23D4) = HFF 以置发令长条的背景 0 页配色代码为 11。

2、执行 $EA75~$EA99 定义发令长条状的红色卡通。红色发令长条由四个卡通块组成，定义数据如下：

($3A0) = HFD
($3A1) = HFD
($32A) = H20
($3A3) = H70
($3A4) = HFD
($3A5) = HFD
($3A6) = H20
($3A7) = H78
($3A8) = HFD
($3A9) = HFD
($3AA) = H20
($3AB) = H80
($3AC) = HFD
($3AD) = HFD
($3AE) = H20
($3AF) = H88

显然，此时卡通长条显示于画面之外（因其 Y 坐标为 HFD）。

3、调 $F46E 做好发声准备；A = 0 调 $F48E 关发声。令 ($4F) = 1，A = H1E 调 $EB5C 子程序，置延时计时器 ($A4) = H1E，由 $A4 控制在 $EB5E~$EB9D 程序段中循环等待。

（217 页） — 图 5-17 比赛画面结构示意图背景 0 页上半部分背景 0 页下半部分背景 1 页下半部分 ……至此，比赛画面的定位操作完毕。 5.4.6 比赛开始的发令处理比赛开始的发令处理由程序段 $EA23~$EB57 完成。 1、执行 $EA23~$EA59，置 PPU 首址 $210E、$212E、$214E、$216E，分别置入 H9C、H9D、H9D、H9E 四个数据，显示四个发令长条。执行 $EA5A~$EA74，令 ($214C) = H2D 以消去第三个发令长条左端的白云。令 ($23D3) = HFF、($23D4) = HFF 以置发令长条的背景 0 页配色代码为 11。 2、执行 $EA75~$EA99 定义发令长条状的红色卡通。红色发令长条由四个卡通块组成，定义数据如下： ($3A0) = HFD ($3A1) = HFD ($32A) = H20 ($3A3) = H70 ($3A4) = HFD ($3A5) = HFD ($3A6) = H20 ($3A7) = H78 ($3A8) = HFD ($3A9) = HFD ($3AA) = H20 ($3AB) = H80 ($3AC) = HFD ($3AD) = HFD ($3AE) = H20 ($3AF) = H88 显然，此时卡通长条显示于画面之外（因其 Y 坐标为 HFD）。 3、调 $F46E 做好发声准备；A = 0 调 $F48E 关发声。令 ($4F) = 1，A = H1E 调 $EB5C 子程序，置延时计时器 ($A4) = H1E，由 $A4 控制在 $EB5E~$EB9D 程序段中循环等待。（217 页）

ede@kakam:~# boosted

niconiconi

@niconiconi@mk.absturztau.be · 5 days ago

Cleaned up the code for the CHR ROM tile multiplexing hack slightly. For those who're playing at home, here's the near-complete source. Confirmed working on my ~~Nintendo game console~~Subor educational home computer. #retrocomputing #retrogaming #NES #NESdev #小霸王学习机

10 media

Subor educational home computer SB-486D, with a homebrew cartridge inserted

Computer monitor, showing the picture "Hello, world!" from the console.

Altera CPLD-based homebrew cartridge designed by "MUMU_FC", inserted into a "Kazzo" NES bus simulator / ROM burner

Close-up photo of the Altera CPLD-based homebrew cartridge designed by "MUMU_FC"

; The CHR ROM is in in non-standard compressed format.
; A standard CHR ROM slot is a 16-byte, 4 bpp bitmap.
; Here, we store two 8x8, 2 bpp bitmaps in the same slot
; to represent a 8x16 ASCII font. This allows us to fit
; the entire ASCII font into 1520 bytes for extreme
; compression, which can be padding to 2048 KiB pages, and
; be repeated n times in the CHR ROM. This allows a fail-safe
; ROM monitor to always show characters even with wrong mapper
; settings.
;
; When we draw a character to the screen, we set two 8x8
; vertical in the nametable in the vertical direction, both
; bytes are set with the same CHR ROM index. The attribute
; table is used to force the PPU to display two distinct
; bitmaps for the whole font.
;
; At the top of a font, the attribute table select palette 0
; which makes the second bitplane invisible, at the bottom of
; a font, the attribute table uses palette 1 which makes the
; first bitplane invisible.
;
; Due to the limited granularity of the attribute table,
; two blank lines must appear between each line of text.
ldx #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_OFF
stx REG_PPU_MASK

ppu_set_address $23C0
ppu_fill_attribute_table \
1 << BIT_PPU_ATTR_BOTTOM_LEFT | \
1 << BIT_PPU_ATTR_BOTTOM_RIGHT | \
0 << BIT_PPU_ATTR_TOP_LEFT | \
0 << BIT_PPU_ATTR_TOP_RIGHT

; Palette #0, this "truth table" masks bitplane 1's data,
; because color 0b10 (index 2) is set to black.
ppu_set_palette 0, 0, $1F
ppu_set_palette 0, 1, $30
ppu_set_palette 0, 2, $1F
ppu_set_palette 0, 3, $30

; Palette #1, this "truth table" masks bitplane 1's data,
; because color 0b01 (index 1) is set to black.
ppu_set_palette 1, 0, $1F
ppu_set_palette 1, 1, $1F
ppu_set_palette 1, 2, $30
ppu_set_palette 1, 3, $30 — ; The CHR ROM is in in non-standard compressed format. ; A standard CHR ROM slot is a 16-byte, 4 bpp bitmap. ; Here, we store two 8x8, 2 bpp bitmaps in the same slot ; to represent a 8x16 ASCII font. This allows us to fit ; the entire ASCII font into 1520 bytes for extreme ; compression, which can be padding to 2048 KiB pages, and ; be repeated n times in the CHR ROM. This allows a fail-safe ; ROM monitor to always show characters even with wrong mapper ; settings. ; ; When we draw a character to the screen, we set two 8x8 ; vertical in the nametable in the vertical direction, both ; bytes are set with the same CHR ROM index. The attribute ; table is used to force the PPU to display two distinct ; bitmaps for the whole font. ; ; At the top of a font, the attribute table select palette 0 ; which makes the second bitplane invisible, at the bottom of ; a font, the attribute table uses palette 1 which makes the ; first bitplane invisible. ; ; Due to the limited granularity of the attribute table, ; two blank lines must appear between each line of text. ldx #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_OFF stx REG_PPU_MASK ppu_set_address $23C0 ppu_fill_attribute_table \ 1 << BIT_PPU_ATTR_BOTTOM_LEFT | \ 1 << BIT_PPU_ATTR_BOTTOM_RIGHT | \ 0 << BIT_PPU_ATTR_TOP_LEFT | \ 0 << BIT_PPU_ATTR_TOP_RIGHT ; Palette #0, this "truth table" masks bitplane 1's data, ; because color 0b10 (index 2) is set to black. ppu_set_palette 0, 0, $1F ppu_set_palette 0, 1, $30 ppu_set_palette 0, 2, $1F ppu_set_palette 0, 3, $30 ; Palette #1, this "truth table" masks bitplane 1's data, ; because color 0b01 (index 1) is set to black. ppu_set_palette 1, 0, $1F ppu_set_palette 1, 1, $1F ppu_set_palette 1, 2, $30 ppu_set_palette 1, 3, $30

; Upon reset, relocate main code from cartridge ROM to RAM,
; to safely switch cartridge ROM bank in main.
ldy #(main_end - main - 1)
relocate_main:
; can't use "main_end" here because the linker treats "main_end"
; as an already-relocated RAM address at 0x200. Instead, just copy
; raw data beyond "reset_end" which is the not-relocated ROM address
; (segment "RAMCODE" follows "RSTCODE" in ROM). See code layout in
; linker file loader052.cfg.
lda reset_end, y
sta $200, y
dey
bpl relocate_main

; run RAMCODE
jmp $200

; panic
jmp *

nmi:
rti

irq:
rti

; physically located after reset_end, but logically copied to RAM.
reset_end:
.segment "RAMCODE"

main:
lda #<hello_str
sta ARG0
lda #>hello_str
sta ARG1
jsr print

; panic
jmp *

print:
ldx #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_OFF
stx REG_PPU_MASK

; draw upper 8x8 bitmap of the char
ppu_set_address $2000 + 8 + (32) * 1
jsr print_body

; draw lower 8x8 bitmap of the char
ppu_set_address $2000 + 8 + (32) * 2
jsr print_body

ppu_set_address $2000
lda #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_ON | VAL_PPU_MASK_BG_L8PX_ON
sta REG_PPU_MASK
rts

print_body:
ldy #0
print_loop:
lda (ARG0), y
beq print_end
sta REG_PPU_DATA
iny
jmp print_loop
print_end:
rts — ; Upon reset, relocate main code from cartridge ROM to RAM, ; to safely switch cartridge ROM bank in main. ldy #(main_end - main - 1) relocate_main: ; can't use "main_end" here because the linker treats "main_end" ; as an already-relocated RAM address at 0x200. Instead, just copy ; raw data beyond "reset_end" which is the not-relocated ROM address ; (segment "RAMCODE" follows "RSTCODE" in ROM). See code layout in ; linker file loader052.cfg. lda reset_end, y sta $200, y dey bpl relocate_main ; run RAMCODE jmp $200 ; panic jmp * nmi: rti irq: rti ; physically located after reset_end, but logically copied to RAM. reset_end: .segment "RAMCODE" main: lda #<hello_str sta ARG0 lda #>hello_str sta ARG1 jsr print ; panic jmp * print: ldx #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_OFF stx REG_PPU_MASK ; draw upper 8x8 bitmap of the char ppu_set_address $2000 + 8 + (32) * 1 jsr print_body ; draw lower 8x8 bitmap of the char ppu_set_address $2000 + 8 + (32) * 2 jsr print_body ppu_set_address $2000 lda #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_ON | VAL_PPU_MASK_BG_L8PX_ON sta REG_PPU_MASK rts print_body: ldy #0 print_loop: lda (ARG0), y beq print_end sta REG_PPU_DATA iny jmp print_loop print_end: rts

CHR_TILE_BYTES = 16

.segment "CHR"

; Repeat the 2048 KiB CHR ROM 128 times, so all 2 KiB banks
; contain the same data for debugging bank switching errors.
.repeat 128
.align 2048

; Pad the initial 0x20 tiles with zero, so the CHR index aligns
; with ASCII. Also add special "empty" and "filled" characters
; at indices 0x00 and 0xFF for debugging.
.res CHR_TILE_BYTES, $00
.res CHR_TILE_BYTES, $FF
.res (CHR_TILE_BYTES * $1E), $00

; Include character tiles
.incbin "unifont.chr"

.endrepeat — CHR_TILE_BYTES = 16 .segment "CHR" ; Repeat the 2048 KiB CHR ROM 128 times, so all 2 KiB banks ; contain the same data for debugging bank switching errors. .repeat 128 .align 2048 ; Pad the initial 0x20 tiles with zero, so the CHR index aligns ; with ASCII. Also add special "empty" and "filled" characters ; at indices 0x00 and 0xFF for debugging. .res CHR_TILE_BYTES, $00 .res CHR_TILE_BYTES, $FF .res (CHR_TILE_BYTES * $1E), $00 ; Include character tiles .incbin "unifont.chr" .endrepeat

.linecont +

TMP0 = $00
TMP1 = $01
TMP2 = $02

ARG0 = $10
ARG1 = $11
ARG2 = $12

REG_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR = $A000
; vertical mirroring = horizantal layout
VAL_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR_VERT = 0
; horizantal mirroring = vectical layout
VAL_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR_HORIZ = 1

REG_MMC3_BANK_SELECT = $8000

REG_PPU_CTRL = $2000
REG_PPU_MASK = $2001
REG_PPU_STATUS = $2002
REG_PPU_SCROLL = $2005
REG_PPU_ADDR = $2006
REG_PPU_DATA = $2007
VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_OFF = 0
VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_ON = %00001000
VAL_PPU_MASK_BG_L8PX_ON = %00000010

BIT_PPU_ATTR_TOP_LEFT = 0
BIT_PPU_ATTR_TOP_RIGHT = 2
BIT_PPU_ATTR_BOTTOM_LEFT = 4
BIT_PPU_ATTR_BOTTOM_RIGHT = 6 — .linecont + TMP0 = $00 TMP1 = $01 TMP2 = $02 ARG0 = $10 ARG1 = $11 ARG2 = $12 REG_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR = $A000 ; vertical mirroring = horizantal layout VAL_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR_VERT = 0 ; horizantal mirroring = vectical layout VAL_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR_HORIZ = 1 REG_MMC3_BANK_SELECT = $8000 REG_PPU_CTRL = $2000 REG_PPU_MASK = $2001 REG_PPU_STATUS = $2002 REG_PPU_SCROLL = $2005 REG_PPU_ADDR = $2006 REG_PPU_DATA = $2007 VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_OFF = 0 VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_ON = %00001000 VAL_PPU_MASK_BG_L8PX_ON = %00000010 BIT_PPU_ATTR_TOP_LEFT = 0 BIT_PPU_ATTR_TOP_RIGHT = 2 BIT_PPU_ATTR_BOTTOM_LEFT = 4 BIT_PPU_ATTR_BOTTOM_RIGHT = 6

.macro delay
.local @delay_dex
.local @delay_dey
ldx #$FF
@delay_dex:
ldy #$FF
@delay_dey:
.repeat 20
nop
.endrep
dey
bne @delay_dey

dex
bne @delay_dex
.endmacro

.macro ppu_set_address address
lda #>(address)
sta REG_PPU_ADDR
lda #<(address)
sta REG_PPU_ADDR
.endmacro

.macro ppu_set_palette palette_idx, color_idx, color_code
ppu_set_address $3F00 + (palette_idx * 4 + color_idx)
lda #color_code
sta REG_PPU_DATA
.endmacro

.macro ppu_fill_nametable color_code
.local @fill_nametable
ldy #(960 / 8)
lda #color_code
@fill_nametable:
.repeat 8
sta REG_PPU_DATA
.endrepeat
dey
bne @fill_nametable
.endmacro

.macro ppu_fill_attribute_table attr_code
.local @fill_attribute_table
ldy #(64 / 8)
lda #attr_code
@fill_attribute_table:
.repeat 8
sta REG_PPU_DATA
.endrepeat
dey
bne @fill_attribute_table
.endmacro — .macro delay .local @delay_dex .local @delay_dey ldx #$FF @delay_dex: ldy #$FF @delay_dey: .repeat 20 nop .endrep dey bne @delay_dey dex bne @delay_dex .endmacro .macro ppu_set_address address lda #>(address) sta REG_PPU_ADDR lda #<(address) sta REG_PPU_ADDR .endmacro .macro ppu_set_palette palette_idx, color_idx, color_code ppu_set_address $3F00 + (palette_idx * 4 + color_idx) lda #color_code sta REG_PPU_DATA .endmacro .macro ppu_fill_nametable color_code .local @fill_nametable ldy #(960 / 8) lda #color_code @fill_nametable: .repeat 8 sta REG_PPU_DATA .endrepeat dey bne @fill_nametable .endmacro .macro ppu_fill_attribute_table attr_code .local @fill_attribute_table ldy #(64 / 8) lda #attr_code @fill_attribute_table: .repeat 8 sta REG_PPU_DATA .endrepeat dey bne @fill_attribute_table .endmacro

; bottom of the PRG ROM
.segment "VECTORS"
.word nmi
.word reset
.word irq

; bottom 8 KiB of PRG ROM
.segment "RSTCODE"

reset:
sei
cld

; disable PPU NMI and rendering
lda #0
sta REG_PPU_CTRL
sta REG_PPU_MASK

bit REG_PPU_STATUS ; clear pending VBLANK flag

; wait PPU to stabilize
wait_ppu1:
bit REG_PPU_STATUS
bpl wait_ppu1

; move the stack point to the bottom
; 256-511 bytes (page 1) is always the stack
ldx #$FF
txs

lda #VAL_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR_HORIZ
sta REG_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR

; Initialize REG_MMC3_BANK_SELECT. Otherwise $0000-$0FFF will
; contain randomized 1 KiB or 2 KiB banking depending on bit 7.
; We rely on 2 KiB to work.
lda #0
sta REG_MMC3_BANK_SELECT

; keep waiting for PPU to stabilize
; for efficiency, do all non-PPU initialization between wait_ppu1
; and wait_ppu2
wait_ppu2:
bit REG_PPU_STATUS
bpl wait_ppu2

; clear nametables and attribute tables
ppu_set_address $2000
ppu_fill_nametable $FF
ppu_fill_attribute_table $00

ppu_set_address $2400
ppu_fill_nametable $FF
ppu_fill_attribute_table $00

ppu_set_address $2800
ppu_fill_nametable $FF
ppu_fill_attribute_table $00

ppu_set_address $2C00
ppu_fill_nametable $FF
ppu_fill_attribute_table $00 — ; bottom of the PRG ROM .segment "VECTORS" .word nmi .word reset .word irq ; bottom 8 KiB of PRG ROM .segment "RSTCODE" reset: sei cld ; disable PPU NMI and rendering lda #0 sta REG_PPU_CTRL sta REG_PPU_MASK bit REG_PPU_STATUS ; clear pending VBLANK flag ; wait PPU to stabilize wait_ppu1: bit REG_PPU_STATUS bpl wait_ppu1 ; move the stack point to the bottom ; 256-511 bytes (page 1) is always the stack ldx #$FF txs lda #VAL_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR_HORIZ sta REG_MMC3_NAMETABLE_MIRROR ; Initialize REG_MMC3_BANK_SELECT. Otherwise $0000-$0FFF will ; contain randomized 1 KiB or 2 KiB banking depending on bit 7. ; We rely on 2 KiB to work. lda #0 sta REG_MMC3_BANK_SELECT ; keep waiting for PPU to stabilize ; for efficiency, do all non-PPU initialization between wait_ppu1 ; and wait_ppu2 wait_ppu2: bit REG_PPU_STATUS bpl wait_ppu2 ; clear nametables and attribute tables ppu_set_address $2000 ppu_fill_nametable $FF ppu_fill_attribute_table $00 ppu_set_address $2400 ppu_fill_nametable $FF ppu_fill_attribute_table $00 ppu_set_address $2800 ppu_fill_nametable $FF ppu_fill_attribute_table $00 ppu_set_address $2C00 ppu_fill_nametable $FF ppu_fill_attribute_table $00

ede@kakam:~# boosted

Vingt Trois Seize 💎

@vingtroiseize@mastodon.world · 6 days ago

COMMODORE SX64
- first full-color portable compuer (1984)

#commodore #console #C64 #SX64 #8bit #retrogaming #videogames #80s #90s #Geek #Moog

niconiconi

@niconiconi@mk.absturztau.be · 5 days ago

#NESdev time. Just ported GNU Unifont's ASCII bitmaps to the Nintendo PPU, with a "tile bitplane multiplexing" trick to keep the ROM under 2 KiB. So I can repeat the data 128 times in all banks to survive erroneous MMC3 bank switching. #retrocomputing #retrogaming #NES #小霸王学习机

3 media

print:
ldx #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_OFF
stx REG_PPU_MASK

; draw upper 8x8 bitmap of the char
ppu_set_address $2000 + (32) * 1
jsr print_body

; draw lower 8x8 bitmap of the char
ppu_set_address $2000 + (32) * 2
jsr print_body

; The CHR ROM is stored in a compressed format, where each
; 16-byte entry stores two 8x8 bitmaps for a 8x16 character.
; To disable a character, use the attribute table to mask
; either the upper or the lower bitplane. For example, to
; display the upper region, set that region's palette to #0,
; which masks the leaking nametable color index 10 ("leaked"
; from the lower bitmap) to black, and vice versa.
; Due to the limited granularity of the attribute table,
; two blank lines must appear between each line of text.
ppu_set_address $23C0
lsr TMP0
bcs print_shift_and_add_one
lsr TMP0
jmp print_set_attribute_table
print_shift_and_add_one:
lsr TMP0
inc TMP0 ; character length is odd, do one extra add
print_set_attribute_table:
lda #1 << 6 | 1 << 4 | 0 << 0 | 0 << 0
sta REG_PPU_DATA
dec TMP0
bne print_set_attribute_table

lda #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_ON | VAL_PPU_MASK_BG_L8PX_ON
sta REG_PPU_MASK
rts — print: ldx #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_OFF stx REG_PPU_MASK ; draw upper 8x8 bitmap of the char ppu_set_address $2000 + (32) * 1 jsr print_body ; draw lower 8x8 bitmap of the char ppu_set_address $2000 + (32) * 2 jsr print_body ; The CHR ROM is stored in a compressed format, where each ; 16-byte entry stores two 8x8 bitmaps for a 8x16 character. ; To disable a character, use the attribute table to mask ; either the upper or the lower bitplane. For example, to ; display the upper region, set that region's palette to #0, ; which masks the leaking nametable color index 10 ("leaked" ; from the lower bitmap) to black, and vice versa. ; Due to the limited granularity of the attribute table, ; two blank lines must appear between each line of text. ppu_set_address $23C0 lsr TMP0 bcs print_shift_and_add_one lsr TMP0 jmp print_set_attribute_table print_shift_and_add_one: lsr TMP0 inc TMP0 ; character length is odd, do one extra add print_set_attribute_table: lda #1 << 6 | 1 << 4 | 0 << 0 | 0 << 0 sta REG_PPU_DATA dec TMP0 bne print_set_attribute_table lda #VAL_PPU_MASK_RENDER_ON | VAL_PPU_MASK_BG_L8PX_ON sta REG_PPU_MASK rts

; palette #0, this "truth table" masks bitplane 1's data
ppu_set_palette 0, 0, $1F
ppu_set_palette 0, 1, $30
ppu_set_palette 0, 2, $1F
ppu_set_palette 0, 3, $30

; palette #1, this "truth table" masks bitplane 0's data
ppu_set_palette 1, 0, $1F
ppu_set_palette 1, 1, $1F
ppu_set_palette 1, 2, $30
ppu_set_palette 1, 3, $30 — ; palette #0, this "truth table" masks bitplane 1's data ppu_set_palette 0, 0, $1F ppu_set_palette 0, 1, $30 ppu_set_palette 0, 2, $1F ppu_set_palette 0, 3, $30 ; palette #1, this "truth table" masks bitplane 0's data ppu_set_palette 1, 0, $1F ppu_set_palette 1, 1, $1F ppu_set_palette 1, 2, $30 ppu_set_palette 1, 3, $30

Mesen emulator, showing the 8x16 bitmap text "Hello, world".

niconiconi

@niconiconi@mk.absturztau.be · 5 days ago

10 media

niconiconi

@niconiconi@mk.absturztau.be · last week

3 media

niconiconi

@niconiconi@mk.absturztau.be · 5 days ago

3 media

Vingt Trois Seize 💎

@vingtroiseize@mastodon.world · 6 days ago

COMMODORE SX64
- first full-color portable compuer (1984)

#commodore #console #C64 #SX64 #8bit #retrogaming #videogames #80s #90s #Geek #Moog

hambier

@hambier@mastodon.opencloud.lu · 6 days ago

Always fun, the kids like it.

#retrogaming

2 media

#Digital ⚓️ #Vagabond 🦈

@beet_keeper@digipres.club · 7 days ago

Was there ever a concept of emulation for embedded games? E.g. #Tamagotchi being one of the most well known? But there were old super mario handhelds and watches too...

#Emulation #RetroGaming #SoftwareHistory #SoftwareArchiving #digipres

Bobo_PK 🦄 boosted

Gardiner Bryant

@gardiner_bryant@mastodon.online · 7 days ago

I Bought a “Junk” PSP From Japan: Here’s How It Went by @flwwhtrbt

While I spend most of my time reviewing modern ‘retro’ handhelds (devices built to emulate everything under the sun) I’ve found myself wanting to go back to the roots of everything...

#RetroGaming #2000s #psp #Reviews #Guides #sony #Emulation

https://gardinerbryant.com/i-bought-a-junk-psp-from-japan-heres-how-it-went/?utm_campaign=brsharewidget&utm_source=mastodon

The Bryant Review

I Bought a “Junk” PSP From Japan: Here’s How It Went

While I spend most of my time reviewing modern ‘retro’ handhelds (devices built to emulate everything under the sun) I’ve found myself wanting to go back to the roots of everything. The first‑party machines that actually started it all. And for me, that always leads back to Sony’

Gardiner Bryant

@gardiner_bryant@mastodon.online · 7 days ago

I Bought a “Junk” PSP From Japan: Here’s How It Went by @flwwhtrbt

While I spend most of my time reviewing modern ‘retro’ handhelds (devices built to emulate everything under the sun) I’ve found myself wanting to go back to the roots of everything...

#RetroGaming #2000s #psp #Reviews #Guides #sony #Emulation

https://gardinerbryant.com/i-bought-a-junk-psp-from-japan-heres-how-it-went/?utm_campaign=brsharewidget&utm_source=mastodon

The Bryant Review

I Bought a “Junk” PSP From Japan: Here’s How It Went